Some material taken from bible.ca
Legend:
Ant - Josephus' Antiquities of the Jews at SacredTexts
Wars - Josephus' Wars of the Jews
Eus - Eusebius' Ecclesiastical Church History
Cass - Cassius Dio, Roman History mollerhaus tufts.edu
Seut - Suetonius
Sibyl - Sibylline Oracles
Timeline of the book of Acts
Some sources with a timeline, "Early Accounts of the Temple of Jerusalem"
“How often have cities of Asia and Achaea fallen with one fatal shock! Show many cities have been swallowed up in Syria, how many in Macedonia! How often has Cyprus been wasted by this calamity! How often has Paphos become a ruin! News has often been brought us of the demolition of whole cities at once.” - Seneca, 58 AD
year | date | event | source | caesar | bible | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
148 BC | - | Earthquake in Antioch, immense damage. | John Malalas | |||
50 BC | - | Sea turned to blood (year before war between Pompey and Caesar) | Julius Caesar | |||
47 BC | - | Blood rain in Alexandria, Egypt, during Battle of the Nile | Cassius Dio Bk 51 | Julius Caesar | ||
45 BC | - | Drops of Blood fell from Heaven, but also Pits and Pools flowed with Blood | Plutarch | Julius Caesar | ||
44 BC | - | Mt. Etna erupted, just before the death of Julius Caesar. | Livy, Servius | Julius Caesar | ||
33 BC | - | Famine in Rome, 30,000 died. | Clark | Caesar Augustus | ||
31 BC | - | Earthquake in Judea.
Josephus Antiquities Bk 15, Sec 5, v2, At this time it was that the fight happened at Actium, between Octavius Caesar and Antony, in the seventh year of the reign of Herod and then it was also that there was an earthquake in Judea, such a one as had not happened at any other time, and which earthquake brought a great destruction upon the cattle in that country. About ten thousand men also perished by the fall of houses; but the army, which lodged in the field, received no damage by this sad accident. Josephus Wars Bk 1, Sec 19, v3, But as he was avenging himself on his enemies, there fell upon him another providential calamity; for in the seventh (29) year of his reign, when the war about Actium was at the height, at the beginning of the spring, the earth was shaken, and destroyed an immense number of cattle, with thirty thousand men. |
Clark, Josephus Antiquities 15.5.2, Josephus Wars Bk 1 Sec 19 v3 | Caesar Augustus | ||
26 BC | - | Famine in near east and Levant. | Josephus | Caesar Augustus | ||
22 BC | - | Famine in Rome. | Cassius Dio Bk 54 | Caesar Augustus | ||
~15 BC | - | Famine in Rome. Augustus expels slaves, gladiators, and foreigners/Jews. | Orosius Bk 7, Suetonius, Augustus 42.3 | Caesar Augustus | ||
~15 BC | - | Temple of Janus is opened by Augustus. | Orosius Bk 7 | Caesar Augustus | ||
17 AD | - | Earthquake in Lydia, Asia Minor, destroys 12 cities, damages others: Sardis, Magnesia, Temnos, Philadelphia, Aegae, Apollonis, Mostene, Hyrkanis, Hierapolis, Myrina, Cyme, Tmolus, Pergamon, Ephesus and Kibyra. | Tacitus, Pliny the Elder, Strabo, Eusebius, Wikipedia | Tiberius | ||
27 AD | - | Roman Amphitheatre in Fidenae near Rome, seats collapse, killing 20,000 people. | Orosius Bk 7 | Tiberius | ||
31 AD | - | Jesus is crucified. Earthquakes shake the whole world. Rocks/mountains rent. Large cities sustained damage. Sun darkened in the sixth hour, NOT an eclipse, stars seen.
Matthew 27:51, 54 And, behold, the veil of the temple was rent in twain from the top to the bottom; and the earth did quake, and the rocks rent; ...Now when the centurion, and they that were with him, watching Jesus, saw the earthquake, and those things that were done, they feared greatly, saying, Truly this was the Son of God. Orosius, Book 7 In the seventeenth year of this emperor, the Lord Jesus Christ of His own free will submitted to His passion. Nevertheless, it was through their own impiety that the Jews arrested Him and nailed Him to the cross. At that time a very severe earthquake shook the whole world. The rocks upon the mountains were rent, and many sections of the largest cities were overthrown by its unusual violence. |
Orosius Bk 7, Josephus Wars, John Malalas, Wikipedia | Tiberius | Matt 27:51, 54 | |
37 AD | Apr 9 | Earthquake destroys Antioch.
Matthew 24:7 For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes, in divers places. |
Wikipedia | Caligula | Matt 24:7 | |
38 AD | - | Fire in Rome, part of the Circus is burnt. | Caligula | |||
38 AD | - | Alexandrian riots. Statues of Caligula placed in Jewish synagogues in Egypt, commands his worship as a god. Synagogues destroyed, thousands of Jews were killed or driven out. | Orosius, Bk 7; Philo | Caligula | ||
39 AD | - | Caligula orders Publius Petronius to build a statue of him in the Temple in Jerusalem. Jews protest. Petronius delays a year. | Caligula | |||
40 AD | - | Alexandrian riots. Jews and Greeks conflict. Caligula orders a statue of himself be placed in the Temple at Jerusalem. It does not arrive before his death. | Philo, 'In Flaccum' & 'Legatio ad Gaium'; Josephus | Caligula | ||
41 AD | - | Caligula dies. | Orosius Bk 7 | Claudius | ||
41 AD | - | Several famines during the reign of Claudius in different parts of the empire.
Matthew 24:7 For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes, in divers places. |
Dion Cassius, LX. 11, Tacitus, Annal. XII. 13, and Eusebius, Chron. | Claudius | Matt 24:7 | |
41 AD | - | Claudius casts Caligula's poisons into the sea, fish die and wash to neighboring shores. | Orosius Bk 7 | Claudius | ||
42 AD | - | Peter begins building the Christian church in Rome. | Orosius Bk 7 | Claudius | ||
43 AD | - | God thwarts civil war plot by Scribonianus, soldiers cannot adorn or pull up the Roman standards, and give up the plan.
Orosius Bk 7 Sec 6 v6-8, Now at this time by the grace of God a great miracle occurred. ...But on the day appointed for their assembling at the side of the new emperor, they found it impossible either to adorn the eagles or to pull up and move the standards. This unique miracle so impressed the soldiers that they gave up their plan... |
Orosius Bk 7 Sec 6 v6-8 | Claudius | ||
45 AD | - | Claudius conquers Britain without a fight. | Orosius Bk 7; Suetonius, Claudis 17 | Claudius | ||
45 AD | - | Great famine throughout all the world, including Syria and Jerusalem, in the reign of Claudius. Queen Helena of Adiabene, a Christian convert, supplies Christians in Jerusalem with grain.
Matthew 24:7 For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes, in divers places. Bible, Acts 11:27-29 And in these days came prophets from Jerusalem unto Antioch. And there stood up one of them named Agabus, and signified by the Spirit that there should be great dearth throughout all the world: which came to pass in the days of Claudius Caesar. Then the disciples, every man according to his ability, determined to send relief unto the brethren which dwelt in Judaea. Orosius, Book 7, Sec 6, v12, In the same year of this emperor's reign, as the prophets had foretold, there was a terrible famine throughout Syria. The needs of the Christians at Jerusalem, however, were bountifully supplied with grain that Helena, the queen of Adiabene and a convert to the faith of Christ, had imported from Egypt. Suetonius, Claudius 18, v2, When there was a scarcity of grain because of long-continued droughts, he was once stopped in the middle of the Forum by a mob and so pelted with abuse and at the same time with pieces of bread... Josephus Antiquities 20.2.5, Now her coming was of very great advantage to the people of Jerusalem; for whereas a famine did oppress them at that time, and many people died for want of what was necessary to procure food withal, queen Helena sent some of her servants to Alexandria with money to buy a great quantity of corn... Josephus Antiquities 20.5.2, Under these procurators that great famine happened in Judea, in which queen Helena bought corn in Egypt at a great expense, and distributed it to those that were in want... Cassius Dio, Roman History, Bk 60, Sec 11, v1, On the occasion of a severe famine he considered the problem of providing an abundant food-supply, not only for that particular crisis but for all future time. For practically all the grain used by the Romans was imported, and yet the region near the mouth of the Tiber had no safe landing-places or suitable harbours... |
Orosius Bk 7.6.12; Suetonius, Claudis 18.2; Eusebius 2.8.1, Josephus Ant. 20.2.5 and 20.5.2, Cassius Dio 60.11.1, Tacitus | Claudius | Matt 24:7, Acts 11:28 | |
46 AD (?61 AD) | Earthquake in Crete
Matthew 24:7 For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes, in divers places. |
Tacitus, Philostratus, article | Nero | Matt 24:7 | ||
48 AD | - | Passover riot in Jerusalem. 30,000 Jews are trampled to death. | Orosius Bk 7 | Claudius | ||
49 AD | - | Jews expelled from Rome by Claudius, because of their constant oppression of the Christians. | Orosius Bk 7; Josephus; Suetonius | Claudius | ||
50 AD | - | Famine in Rome. Claudius insulted by the Romans and pelted with pieces of bread by a mob.
Matthew 24:7 For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes, in divers places. Orosius, Bk 7, Sec 6, v17, Nevertheless, during the following year there was so great a famine in Rome that the emperor was taunted and insulted by the people in the middle of the forum and shamefully pelted with pieces of bread. |
Orosius 7.6.17; Josephus?; Suetonius | Claudius | Matt 24:7, Acts 11:28 | |
51 AD | - | Earthquake in Rome.
Matthew 24:7 For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes, in divers places. Tacitus Annals Bk 12, Several prodigies occurred in that year. Birds of evil omen perched on the Capitol; houses were thrown down by frequent shocks of earthquake, and as the panic spread, all the weak were trodden down in the hurry and confusion of the crowd. |
Tacitus Annals Bk 12 | Claudius | Matt 24:7 | |
51 AD | - | Earthquake in Judea, massive.
Matthew 24:7 For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes, in divers places. |
Josephus? | Claudius | Matt 24:7 | |
51 AD | - | Earthquake in Apamaea in Phrygia.
Matthew 24:7 For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes, in divers places. |
Tacitus | Claudius | Matt 24:7 | |
54 AD | - | Nero becomes emperor. | Nero | Rev 17:10 | ||
59 AD | Oct ? | Nero has his mother murdered | Cass 61-16.3 | Nero | ||
59 AD | Oct ? | During his mother's funeral, the sun suffered a total eclipse and the stars could be seen.
Cassius Dio Bk 61, Sec 16, v3, Nevertheless, in the midst of the sacrifices that were offered in Agrippina's honour in pursuance of a decree, the sun suffered a total eclipse and the stars could be seen. |
Cass 61-16.3 | Nero | ||
59 AD | Oct ? | As Nero's dinner is brought to him, lightning strikes it and consumes it in front of him.
Cassius Dio Bk 61, Sec 16, v5, And there was another incident in which one might surely have recognized the hand of Heaven. I refer to the thunderbolt that descended upon Nero's dinner and consumed it all as it was being brought to him, like some harpy snatching away his food. |
Cass 61-16.3 | Nero | ||
61 AD | Earthquake in Colossae, Hieropolis, Laodicea, destroys all 3 cities, only Laodicea is rebuilt.
Matthew 24:7 For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes, in divers places. Tacitus Annals Bk 10, One of the famous cities of Asia, Laodicea, was that same year overthrown by an earthquake, and, without any relief from us, recovered itself by its own resources. Orosius Bk7 Sec 7 v12, In Asia an earthquake destroyed three cities, Laodicea, Hierapolis, and Colossae. |
Tacitus Annals Bk 10, Eusebius, Orosius Bk7 Sec 7 v12 | Nero | Matt 24:7 | ||
61 AD | Earthquakes in Smyrna, Miletus, Chios, and Samos, in "all places the Jews had settled"
Matthew 24:7 For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes, in divers places. |
Philostratus | Nero | Matt 24:7 | ||
62 AD | Apostle James is thrown from the temple pinnacle by High Priest Ananias, and beaten to death with clubs |
Ant. 20. 19-203 | Nero | |||
62 AD (?63 AD) | Feb 5 | Earthquake in Pompeii, Italy (and Herculaneum). Magnitude of 5-6. On a feast day honoring the guardian spirits of the city. 20,000 inhabitants flee in panic. Statues were split in half.
Matthew 24:7 For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes, in divers places. Seneca Natural Questions Bk 6, Sec 1, 27-31 We have heard, Lucilius, excellent man, that Pompeii, the busy Campanian city, has been ruined by an earthquake, and all the neighboring areas have been badly affected. ... For part of the town of Herculaneum collapsed too, and even what remains is standing precariously. ...a flock of hundreds of sheep was killed, and statues were split apart; ...A number of people ran off as though mad or stupefied... I am not surprised that a statue was split apart,... whole regions torn up from their foundations... So why is anyone astonished that the bronze of a single statue, which is not even solid, but hollow and thin, was split apart? ...Why did the earthquake last several days? Tacitus Annals Bk 15, An earthquake too demolished a large part of Pompeii, a populous town in Campania. |
Seneca Natural Questions Bk 6, Sec 1, 27, 30, wikipedia, Tacitus Annals Bk 15, article | Nero | Matt 24:7 | |
62 AD | Oct | Jesus ben Ananus runs through the city crying "Woe", for 7 years.
Josephus Wars Bk 6 Sec 5 v3, But, what is still more terrible, there was one Jesus, the son of Ananus, a plebeian and a husbandman, who, four years before the war began, and at a time when the city was in very great peace and prosperity, came to that feast whereon it is our custom for every one to make tabernacles to God in the temple, (23) began on a sudden to cry aloud, "A voice from the east, a voice from the west, a voice from the four winds, a voice against Jerusalem and the holy house, a voice against the bridegrooms and the brides, and a voice against this whole people!" This was his cry, as he went about by day and by night, in all the lanes of the city. |
Josephus Wars Bk 6 Sec 5 v3, Eus 3.8.1 | Nero | ||
62 AD | Oct 7 | Feast of Tabernacles | Nero | |||
64 AD | Jul 19 | Great Fire of Rome. | Nero | |||
64 AD | - | Nero begins persecution of Christians. | Nero | |||
64 AD | - | Earthquake in Neapolis (Naples), the Roman theater was destroyed shortly after an acting performance by Nero. | article, Cassius Dio? | Nero | ||
64 AD | - | Peter crucified upside down in Rome, by Nero. Paul put to death also. | Orosius Bk 7 | Nero | ||
64 AD | - | Roman standards, which had been stuck/unmoveable in the ground since 43 AD, where now released and moveable.
Orosius Bk 7 Sec 8 v2, But after Peter had been killed in the City and the Christians had been mangled by every sort of punishment the standards were loosened from the ground throughout the world. |
Orosius Bk 7 Sec 8 v2 | Nero | ||
64 AD | Oct | A Plague kills at least 30,000 Romans. 30,000 funerals entered into the register of the goddess Libitina.
Matthew 24:7 For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes, in divers places. |
Suet. Nero, 39.1; Orosius Bk 7 | Nero | Matt 24:7 | |
64 AD | Apostle Paul beheaded in Rome by Nero | Nero | ||||
65 AD | Apostle Thaddaeus crucified by Magi in Persia | Nero | ||||
65 AD | Apostle John receives the book of Revelation | Nero | Rev 17:7-13 | |||
65 AD | Earthquakes in Laodicea and Campania | Tacitus, Philostratus, Seneca | Nero | |||
65 AD | Jun | Pentecost, Shekina glody moves from the Temple to the Mount of Olives, Earthquake causes landslide on Mount of Olives
Zechariah 14:4 And his feet shall stand in that day upon the mount of Olives, which is before Jerusalem on the east, and the mount of Olives shall cleave in the midst thereof toward the east and toward the west, and there shall be a very great valley; and half of the mountain shall remove toward the north, and half of it toward the south. |
Tacitus, Josephus, Ambrose of Milan, Eusebius, Yossipon, and an eye witness rabbi by the name of Jonathan. | Nero | Zech 14:4 | |
66 AD | Oct | Jewish revolt against Rome begins. Zealots siege Jerusalem and Sicarii capture Masada. | Nero | |||
66 AD | Nov | Judean rebels ambush Gallus and kill 5,300 Roman soldiers. | Nero | |||
67 AD | Feb 6 | Countdown of 3 1/2 years of Tribulation starts | Nero | |||
67 AD | Jewish high priesthood ceases, high priest is drawn by lots | Wars 4.3.8 | Nero | |||
67 AD | Jewish civil war in Jerusalem. The Zealots and Sicarii kill anyone that leaves the city. | Nero | ||||
67 AD | Siege of Jotapata, 40,000 Jews massacred. Josephus captured by the Romans. | Nero | ||||
67 AD | Doors of Augustus' mausoleum and Nero's bedchamber both open by themselves. | Cass 63 | Nero | |||
67 AD | Rains blood in the Alban region, south of Rome. | Cass 63 | Nero | |||
68 AD | Jun 9 | Nero commits suicide | Wars 4.9.2 | Galba | Rev 17:10 | |
68 AD | Jun 9 | Galba becomes Caesar | Wars 4.9.2 | Galba | Rev 17:10 | |
68 AD | Earthquake in Rome.
Seutonius Life of Galba, Sec 18Many prodigies in rapid succession from the very beginning of his reign had foretold Galba’s end... ...Again, as he entered the city, and later the Palace, he was met by a shock of earthquake and a sound like the lowing of kine. There followed even clearer signs. |
Seutonius Life of Galba, Sec 18 | Galba | |||
69 AD | Jan 15 | Otho becomes Caesar | Wars 4.9.2 | Otho | Rev 17:10 | |
69 AD | A comet was seen.
Cassius Dio Bk 65, Sec 8While he was behaving in this way, evil omens occurred. A comet was seen... |
Cassius Dio Bk 65, Sec 8 | Otho | |||
69 AD | The moon eclipsed twice, 3 days apart (Wednesday, Saturday).
Cassius Dio Bk 65, Sec 8...and the moon, contrary to precedent, appeared to suffer two eclipses, being obscured on the fourth and on the seventh day. |
Cassius Dio Bk 65, Sec 8 | Otho | |||
69 AD | Earthquake in Rome.
Matthew 24:7 For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes, in divers places. |
article | Otho | Matt 24:7 | ||
69 AD | People saw 2 suns at once, one weak/pale and one brilliant/powerful.
Cassius Dio Bk 65, Sec 8Also people saw two suns at once, one in the west weak and pale, and one in the east brilliant and powerÂful. |
Cassius Dio Bk 65, Sec 8 | Otho | |||
69 AD | Huge footprints seen by soldiers at the capital, the door of temple of Jupiter had opened by itself, some fainted.
Cassius Dio Bk 65, Sec 8On the Capitol many huge footprints were seen, presumably of some spirits that had descended from it. The soldiers who had slept there on the night in question said that the temple of Jupiter had opened of itself with great clangour and that some of the guards had been so terrified that they fainted. |
Cassius Dio Bk 65, Sec 8 | Otho | |||
69 AD | Apr 14 | Caesar Otho commits suicide. | Wars 4.9.9 | Otho | ||
69 AD | Apr 17 | Vitellius becomes Caesar | Wars 4.9.9 | Vitellius | ||
69 AD | Apr 17 | Vitellius burns down the Temple of Jupiter Capitolonius | Orosius Bk 7; Cassius Dio; Wars | Vitellius | ||
69 AD | Moon is eclipsed, appears both blood-colored and black, and gave out other colors, days before Vitellius' death.
Cassius Dio Bk 65, Sec 11The great confusion which under these conditions prevailed in the camp of Vitellius was increased that night by an eclipse of the moon. It was not so much its being obscured... as the fact that it appeared both blood-coloured and black and gave out still other terrifying colours. |
Cassius Dio Bk 65, Sec 11 | Vitellius | |||
69 AD | Dec 22 | Caesar Vitellius beheaded, Vespasian becomes Caesar. | Wars 4.11.4, 4.11.5 | Vespasian | Rev 17:10 | |
69 AD | Dec 22 | Siege of Jerusalem by Titus' army commences. | Wars 4.11.4, 4.11.5 | Vespasian | ||
69 AD | Josephus becomes Vespasian's historian. | Vespasian | ||||
70 AD | Apr 3 | Light shines around the temple for a 1/2 hour.
Josephus Wars Bk 6 Sec 5 v3Thus also before the Jews' rebellion, and before those commotions which preceded the war, when the people were come in great crowds to the feast of unleavened bread, on the eighth day of the month Xanthicus, (21) [Nisan,] and at the ninth hour of the night, so great a light shone round the altar and the holy house, that it appeared to be bright day time; which lasted for half an hour. |
Josephus Wars Bk 6 Sec 5 v3 | Nero | ||
70 AD | Apr 3 | Star appears as a Sword over Jerusalem, lasts a year.
Josephus Wars Bk 6 Sec 5 v3Thus there was a star resembling a sword, which stood over the city, and a comet, that continued a whole year. |
Josephus Wars Bk 6 Sec 5 v3 | Nero | ||
70 AD | Apr 3 | Comet appears in the sky, lasts a year.
Josephus Wars Bk 6 Sec 5 v3Thus there was a star resembling a sword, which stood over the city, and a comet, that continued a whole year. |
Josephus Wars Bk 6 Sec 5 v3 | Nero | ||
70 AD | Apr 9 | Passover | Josephus Wars Bk 6 Sec 5 v3 | Nero | ||
70 AD | Apr 9 | East gate of Jerusalem opens by itself.
Josephus Wars Bk 6 Sec 5 v3 Moreover, the eastern gate of the inner (22) [court of the] temple, which was of brass, and vastly heavy, and had been with difficulty shut by twenty men, and rested upon a basis armed with iron, and had bolts fastened very deep into the firm floor, which was there made of one entire stone, was seen to be opened of its own accord about the sixth hour of the night. |
Josephus Wars Bk 6 Sec 5 v3 | Nero | ||
70 AD | Apr 9 | Virgin cow gives birth to a lamb in the temple.
Josephus Wars Bk 6 Sec 5 v3At the same festival also, a heifer, as she was led by the high priest to be sacrificed, brought forth a lamb in the midst of the temple. |
Josephus Wars Bk 6 Sec 5 v3 | Nero | ||
70 AD | May 16 | Angelic armies are seen waging war in the heavens, and around cities.
Josephus Wars Bk 6 Sec 5 v3...before sun-setting, chariots and troops of soldiers in their armor were seen running about among the clouds, and surrounding of cities. |
Josephus Wars Bk 6 Sec 5 v3, SibylOr 3.796-808 | Nero | ||
70 AD | Jun 2 | Pentecost | Nero | |||
70 AD | Jun 2 | Priests in the temple felt an earthquake and heard a multitude of voices saying "Let us remove hence!"
Josephus Wars Bk 6 Sec 5 v3, Moreover, at that feast which we call Pentecost, as the priests were going by night into the inner [court of the temple,] as their custom was, to perform their sacred ministrations, they said that, in the first place, they felt a quaking, and heard a great noise, and after that they heard a sound as of a great multitude, saying, "Let us remove hence." |
Josephus Wars Bk 6 Sec 5 v3 | Nero | ||
70 AD | - | Grain famine in Rome, causing a bread shortage, panic sets in. | Vespasian | |||
70 AD | Earthquake in Jerusalem, accompanied by a violent storm, rain, continuous lightnings and thunder, as if an indication of coming destruction.
Josephus Wars Bk 4 Sec 4 v5, ...for there broke out a prodigious storm in the night, with the utmost violence, and very strong winds, with the largest showers of rain, with continued lightnings, terrible thunderings, and amazing concussions and bellowings of the earth, that was in an earthquake. These things were a manifest indication that some destruction was coming upon men... |
Josephus Wars Bk 4 Sec 4 v5 | Vespasian | |||
70 AD | Mar 7 | Titus' army arrives | Wars 5 | Vespasian | ||
70 AD | Mar | Jesus ben Ananus killed by catapult stone after 7 years. | Wars 6.5.3 | Vespasian | ||
70 AD | July 14 | Sacrifices in the temple cease.
Josephus Wars Bk 6 Sec 2 v1, ...for he had been informed that on that very day, which was the seventeenth day (5) of Panemus, [Tamuz,] the sacrifice called "the Daily Sacrifice" had failed, and had not been offered to God, for want of men to offer it, and that the people were grievously troubled at it... |
Josephus Wars Bk 6 Sec 2 v1 | Vespasian | ||
70 AD | Aug 6 | Temple burnt to the ground (on the 9th of Av).
Matthew 24:2 And Jesus said unto them, See ye not all these things? verily I say unto you, There shall not be left here one stone upon another, that shall not be thrown down. |
Wars 6.4 | Vespasian | Matt 24:2 | |
70 AD | Aug 6 | Roman Day of Saturn | Cass 66-7.2 | Vespasian | ||
70 AD | Apostle Matthias stoned and beheaded | Vespasian | ||||
70 AD | Apostle Bartholomew flayed to death with a whip in Armenia | Vespasian | ||||
70 AD | Apostle Andrew crucified in Patras, Achaea | Hippolytus | Vespasian | |||
70 AD | Sept 2 | Romans have complete control of Jerusalem, and burn it and kill residents (8th of Elul). | Wars 6.407.8.5/9.2 | Vespasian | ||
71 AD | - | Jewish treasures taken from the temple, in a parade for Titus (see Triumphal Arch of Titus). | Vespasian | |||
71 AD | - | Titus and Vespasian close the Temple of Janus (god of transition). | Orosius Bk 7 | Vespasian | ||
72 AD | Flavian Amphitheatre built with Jewish slave labor | Vespasian | ||||
72 AD | - | Romans lay siege to Masada. | Vespasian | |||
73 AD | Apr 15 | Fortress of Masada falls to the Roman armies, (960) Jews commit group suicide to avoid imprisonment | Vespasian | |||
75 AD | Temple of Peace built in Rome to celebrate the conquest of Jerusalem. Housed the Menorah from the temple. | Vespasian | ||||
76 AD | Cyprus, Greece severely damaged by Earthquake. Destroyed the city of Kourion. Rebuilding takes years. | Sibyl 3.573 | Vespasian | |||
78 AD | Massive Plague in Rome. 10,000 died per day, for many days. | ST. JEROME, CHRONICON, Orosius Bk 7 | Vespasian | |||
78 AD | Earthquake destroys three cities of Cyprus. | Orosius Bk 7 | Vespasian | |||
79 AD | June 23 | Vespasian dies of fever/diarrhea. | Titus | |||
79 AD | Aug 20-24 | Mt. Vesuvius erupts and buries Pompeii and Herculaneum and Stabiae and Oplontis, the seats of sexual depravity in the Roman empire. The day after the feast of Vulcanalia. | Cass 66.22, Sibyl 3.583; Orosius Bk 7 | Titus | ||
79 AD | Aug 25 | Mt. Vesuvius spews poisonous gas. | Cass 66.22; Seneca | Titus | ||
80 AD | - | Fire in Rome burns down the temples of the pagan gods. Lasts 3 days 3 nights. | Cass 66.24; Orosius Bk 7 | Titus | ||
80 AD | - | An Epidemic/Plague hits Rome, worse than any ever known. | Suet Divus Titus 8.3 | Titus | ||
81 AD | Sept | Titus dies from a fever. Domitian becomes emperor. | Suet Divus Titus 10.1 | Titus | ||
81 AD | Temple of Jupiter struck by lightning, as well as the Flavian temple, and the emperor's palace and bedroom. Many lightning strikes for a period of 8 months. | Suet Divus Domitian 15.2 | Domitian | |||
104 AD | Golden House (Domus Aurea, built by Nero) burned to the ground. Orosius, Book 7 Nevertheless the Golden House at Rome, which Nero had built with a great outlay of both private and public wealth, was suddenly burned to the ground. Thus it was made plain that, though the persecution was set in motion by another, the punishment fell most heavily upon the buildings of that man who first began the persecution and who was the real author of it. |
Orosuis Bk 7 | Trajan | |||
104 AD | Earthquake destroys Asian cities Elaea, Myrina, Pitane, Cyne; and Greek cities Opuntii, Oriti; and three cities of Galatia. | Orosuis Bk 7 | Trajan | |||
104 AD | Lightning strikes and burns the Pantheon at Rome. | Orosuis Bk 7 | Trajan | |||
104 AD | Earthquake destroys Antioch.
Cassius Dio Bk 68 Sec 24 v1-6, While the emperor was tarrying in Antioch a terrible earthquake occurred; many cities suffered injury, but Antioch was the most unfortunate of all. ...there was no nation of people that went unscathed; ...First there came, on a sudden, a great bellowing roar, and this was followed by a tremendous quaking. The whole earth was upheaved, and buildings leaped into the air; some were carried aloft only to collapse and be broken in pieces, while others were tossed this way and that as if by the surge of the sea, and overturned, and the wreckage spread out over a great extent even of the open country. 4 The crash of grinding and breaking timbers together with tiles and stones was most frightful; and an inconceivable amount of dust arose, so that it was impossible for one to see anything or to speak or hear a word. As for the people, many even who were outside the houses were hurt, 5 being snatched up and tossed violently about and then dashed to the earth as if falling from a cliff; some were maimed and others were killed. Even trees in some cases leaped into the air, roots and all. The number of those who were trapped in the houses and perished was past finding out... |
Orosuis Bk 7, Cassius Dio Bk 68 Sec 24 v1-6 | Trajan | |||
115 AD | Jewish rebellions break out in many areas, as if they turned into savages. Becomes known as the Kitos War. Affected Libya, Egypt, Cyrene, Thebaid, Alexandria (defeated), Mesopotamia. They destroyed Salamis. | Orosuis Bk 7 | Trajan | |||
116 AD | Trajan declares war against the Jews. Thousands are exterminated. | Orosuis Bk 7 | Trajan | |||
117 AD | Trajan dies of dysentery. Hadrian becomes emperor. | Orosuis Bk 7 | Hadrian | |||
132 AD | Third Roman-Jewish war, the Bar Kochba Revolt. Simon bar Kochba claimed messiaship, Christians denounce him and are tortured by the Jews. Over 580,000 Jews killed. | Orosuis Bk 7, Cassius Dio | Hadrian | |||
136 AD | Jews expelled from Jerusalem by Hadrian. Christians welcomed to Jerusalem. Walls of Jerusalem rebuilt. | Orosuis Bk 7 | Hadrian | |||
165 AD | Plague breaks out in Rome. Called the " Antonine Plague". Killed between 5-10 million. | Orosuis Bk 7 | Marcus Aurelius Antoninus |